Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF)​​
A high-performance thermoplastic fluoropolymer that serves as a core material in cutting-edge industries due to its unique combination of properties. Key highlights include:

​1. Extreme Environmental Adaptability​

• ​Broad Temperature Range: Long-term tolerance from ​​-40°C to 150°C; short-term resilience up to ​170°C.
• ​Lightweight & High Strength: Density of ​1.78 g/cm³​ with tensile strength reaching ​50 MPa.

​2. Multifunctional Chemical Stability​

• Resists aggressive media including aqua regia, hydrofluoric acid, and organic solvents.
• Exceptional UV/radiation resistance; outdoor service life exceeds ​20 years.

​3. Smart Electrical Properties​

• ​Dielectric Strength: ​10–22 kV/mm.
• ​Piezoelectric Effect​ (coefficient: ​6–7 pC/N) and ​pyroelectricity, enabling direct conversion of mechanical/thermal energy to electricity.

​4. Frontier Applications​

• ​New Energy: Lithium-ion battery separators; core material for solar backsheets.
• ​Advanced Manufacturing: Ultra-pure fluid delivery systems (semiconductors); lightweight aerospace closed-cell foam components.
• ​Biomedical: Protein-binding membranes (Western blot detection); anti-aging medical devices.
• ​Smart Materials: Sensors, acoustic components, adaptive architectural coatings (e.g., Taipei 101 curtain walls).